Research use only.  Educational reference. Not medical advice. Not for human consumption.
⚙️ Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide

MOTS-c (40 mg Vial / 4 mL Option) Dosage Protocol

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. It functions as an exercise mimetic and metabolic regulator; circulating levels decline with aging and obesity. This page covers the 40 mg vial.

⚡ Quickstart Highlights

This is the 4 mL Option. Reconstitution with 4 mL BAC water gives a clean 10 mg/mL concentration — easier math, fewer rounding errors. Prefer the standard 3 mL approach? View the 40 mg / 3 mL page →
Vial size
40 mg
Reconstitution
4 mL BAC water → 10.00 mg/mL
1 U-100 unit =
100.0 mcg
Frequency
Once daily

Dosing & Reconstitution Guide

Route: Subcutaneous  |  Frequency: See chart options below  |  Half-life: ~3 hours

Standard Approach (4 mL = 10.00 mg/mL)

Reconstituting the 40 mg vial with 4 mL bacteriostatic water produces a clean 10 mg/mL concentration — math is simple: 1 unit on a U-100 syringe = 100 mcg. The three charts below all deliver the same 5 mg total per week baseline, just spread across different dosing frequencies. Pick the schedule that fits your routine.

Chart 1 · 7 days per week (5 mg/week total)

SchedulePer-injection doseU-100 UnitsVolumeWeekly Total
Mon–Sun, daily714 mcg7 units0.07 mL5 mg

Chart 2 · 5 days per week (5 mg/week total)

SchedulePer-injection doseU-100 UnitsVolumeWeekly Total
Mon–Fri (2 days off weekend)1 mg10 units0.10 mL5 mg

Chart 3 · 3 days per week (5 mg/week total)

SchedulePer-injection doseU-100 UnitsVolumeWeekly Total
Mon / Wed / Fri~1.67 mg17 units0.17 mL~5 mg
Scaling note: The 3 charts above represent our recommended conservative 5 mg/week baseline — ideal for new users assessing tolerance. To run at our middle range, simply double the per-injection dose (10 mg/week) or triple it (15 mg/week) while keeping the same schedule. For higher Advanced protocols at 25, 30, or 45 mg/week (the dose levels most commonly cited in MOTS-c research literature), see the "Dosing Protocol" section further down this page. Each 40 mg vial covers approximately 8 weeks at 5 mg/week, 4 weeks at 10 mg/week, or 2.5 weeks at 15 mg/week.

Reconstitution Steps

  1. Wipe the vial stopper and BAC water vial with alcohol; let dry.
  2. Draw 4 mL of bacteriostatic water into a sterile syringe.
  3. Inject slowly down the inside glass wall of the peptide vial. Do not aim at the powder.
  4. Gently swirl until fully dissolved. Do not shake.
  5. Label with reconstitution date. Refrigerate at 2–8°C; use within 7 days.

Supplies Needed

Estimates for an 8-week and 12-week cycle at 600 mcg per dose, once daily (7 doses/week).

Item8-Week Cycle12-Week Cycle
MOTS-c (40 mg) vials1 vials2 vials
Insulin syringes (U-100)5684
Bacteriostatic water (10 mL)1 × 10 mL1 × 10 mL
Alcohol swabs1 × 100-pack2 × 100-pack

Protocol Overview

MOTS-c is positioned as an exercise mimetic — the effects compound when paired with regular training, less so without. Most protocols run 4–8 weeks of consistent dosing followed by a break, on the rationale that mitochondrial adaptation needs time to consolidate.

Effects are subtle and cumulative. Most users report improvements in endurance and post-exercise recovery by week 3–4 rather than acute changes day-to-day.

Dosing Protocol

Three Advanced protocol patterns with higher weekly dosing — matching the dose-per-injection levels (5 / 10 / 15 mg) most commonly cited in MOTS-c research literature. All three use the same simple 10 mg/mL concentration (40 mg vial + 4 mL BAC water).

Advanced PatternSchedulePer-injection doseU-100 UnitsWeekly Total
Advanced 1 · LightMon–Fri (5 days/week)5 mg50 units (0.50 mL)25 mg/week
Advanced 2 · StandardMon / Wed / Fri (3 days/week)10 mg100 units (1.00 mL)30 mg/week
Advanced 3 · HigherMon / Wed / Fri (3 days/week)15 mgSplit: 2 × 75 units (0.75 mL each)45 mg/week

Note on Advanced 3: 15 mg per dose = 1.5 mL of solution, which exceeds the 1 mL capacity of a standard U-100 insulin syringe. Either split into two separate 0.75 mL injections at different sites, or use a 3 mL syringe with a 25–27 ga subcutaneous needle.

Cycle structure: 4–8 weeks on, 2–4 weeks off. Mitochondrial biogenesis adaptations carry into the off-cycle window even after dosing stops.

Timing: Morning post-fasted dosing aligns with the natural exercise-window mimic. Pre-cardio dosing is anecdotally favored. Inject at a consistent time on each scheduled day.

Vial duration at advanced doses: One 40 mg vial covers ~1.6 weeks at 25 mg/week, ~1.3 weeks at 30 mg/week, or ~0.9 weeks at 45 mg/week.

Storage Instructions

StateTemperatureDuration
Lyophilized−20°C (−4°F)Up to 24 months, dry & dark
Reconstituted2–8°C (35–46°F)Up to 7 days, protect from light

Important Notes

⚠ Research Use Only: MOTS-c is investigational. Most evidence from rodent studies; human clinical trials are early-stage.

How This Works

MOTS-c is encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene — one of the few human peptides with mitochondrial DNA origin. Under metabolic stress it translocates from mitochondria to the nucleus, regulating gene expression alongside AMPK signaling.

Effects include AMPK activation, upregulation of fatty-acid oxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and improved insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In animal models it produces exercise-mimetic effects: improved running endurance, glucose disposal, and reduced adiposity on high-fat diet.

Potential Benefits & Side Effects

Potential Benefits

Side Effect Profile

Lifestyle Factors

Injection Technique

References

1
Lee C et al. 'MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis' — Cell Metab, 2015 View source ↗
2
Reynolds JC et al. 'MOTS-c regulator of age-dependent decline' — Nat Commun, 2021 View source ↗
3
Kim KH et al. 'MOTS-c regulates nuclear gene expression' — Cell Metab, 2018 View source ↗